Bitcoin b\u00fdv\u00e1 \u010dasto spojov\u00e1n s volatilitou, spekulacemi nebo medi\u00e1ln\u00edmi titulky o prudk\u00fdch r\u016fstech a p\u00e1dech. M\u00e9n\u011b pozornosti se ale v\u011bnuje tomu, co stoj\u00ed v jeho samotn\u00e9m j\u00e1dru \u2013 technologii, kter\u00e1 zaji\u0161\u0165uje, \u017ee digit\u00e1ln\u00ed m\u011bna m\u016f\u017ee fungovat bez bank, prost\u0159edn\u00edk\u016f a z\u00e1rove\u0148 s vysokou \u00farovn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti. Pr\u00e1v\u011b kryptografie je t\u00edm prvkem, kter\u00fd dr\u017e\u00ed cel\u00fd syst\u00e9m pohromad\u011b a umo\u017e\u0148uje, aby se v n\u011bm bezpe\u010dn\u011b pohybovaly miliardy dolar\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Samotn\u00fd n\u00e1zev \u201ekryptom\u011bna\u201c napov\u00edd\u00e1, \u017ee kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli hraje kryptografie \u2013 tedy obor matematiky a informatiky zam\u011b\u0159en\u00fd na zabezpe\u010den\u00ed dat. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b bitcoinu nejde o \u017e\u00e1dnou okrajovou technologii, ale o z\u00e1kladn\u00ed stavebn\u00ed k\u00e1men cel\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Jak vysv\u011btluje<\/a> server Investopedia, kryptom\u011bny vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm tzv. asymetrickou kryptografii, kter\u00e1 pracuje s dvojic\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010d\u016f \u2013 ve\u0159ejn\u00fdm a soukrom\u00fdm. Ve\u0159ejn\u00fd kl\u00ed\u010d slou\u017e\u00ed jako adresa, na kterou lze p\u0159ij\u00edmat prost\u0159edky, zat\u00edmco soukrom\u00fd kl\u00ed\u010d funguje jako digit\u00e1ln\u00ed podpis potvrzuj\u00edc\u00ed vlastnictv\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Jin\u00fdmi slovy, kdo dr\u017e\u00ed soukrom\u00fd kl\u00ed\u010d, m\u00e1 plnou kontrolu nad dan\u00fdmi prost\u0159edky. A pr\u00e1v\u011b tento princip nahrazuje roli banky nebo jin\u00e9 autority.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Z\u00e1sadn\u00ed rozd\u00edl mezi tradi\u010dn\u00edm finan\u010dn\u00edm syst\u00e9mem a bitcoinem spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, komu vlastn\u011b d\u016fv\u011b\u0159ujeme. Zat\u00edmco u bankovn\u00edho p\u0159evodu v\u011b\u0159\u00edme instituci, \u017ee transakci spr\u00e1vn\u011b zpracuje, bitcoin spol\u00e9h\u00e1 na matematiku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ka\u017ed\u00e1 transakce je podeps\u00e1na soukrom\u00fdm kl\u00ed\u010dem a n\u00e1sledn\u011b ov\u011b\u0159ena s\u00edt\u00ed. Podle technick\u00fdch popis\u016f bitcoinov\u00e9ho protokolu jsou tyto digit\u00e1ln\u00ed podpisy kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 pro to, aby bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 jednozna\u010dn\u011b ur\u010dit vlastn\u00edka prost\u0159edk\u016f a zabr\u00e1nit jejich zneu\u017eit\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u00fdsledkem je syst\u00e9m, kde nen\u00ed nutn\u00e9 v\u011b\u0159it konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed instituci \u2013 sta\u010d\u00ed v\u011b\u0159it tomu, \u017ee kryptografick\u00e9 algoritmy funguj\u00ed tak, jak maj\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Kryptografie ale nekon\u010d\u00ed u podpis\u016f. Druh\u00fdm z\u00e1sadn\u00edm prvkem je blockchain \u2013 distribuovan\u00e1 datab\u00e1ze, kter\u00e1 uchov\u00e1v\u00e1 historii v\u0161ech transakc\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ka\u017ed\u00fd blok v blockchainu obsahuje kryptografick\u00fd otisk (hash) toho p\u0159edchoz\u00edho. Pr\u00e1v\u011b toto propojen\u00ed blok\u016f zaji\u0161\u0165uje, \u017ee jak\u00fdkoli pokus o zm\u011bnu historie by byl okam\u017eit\u011b odhalen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Laicky \u0159e\u010deno, pokud by n\u011bkdo cht\u011bl zp\u011btn\u011b upravit transakci, musel by p\u0159epsat nejen jeden z\u00e1znam, ale cel\u00fd \u0159et\u011bzec navazuj\u00edc\u00edch blok\u016f \u2013 a to v s\u00edti tis\u00edc\u016f po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016f z\u00e1rove\u0148. Prakticky nemo\u017en\u00fd \u00fakol.<\/p>\n\n\n\n D\u00edky kombinaci kryptografie a blockchainu vznik\u00e1 syst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd dok\u00e1\u017ee fungovat bez centr\u00e1ln\u00ed autority. Jak uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed odborn\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly, transakce jsou ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1ny samotnou s\u00edt\u00ed u\u017eivatel\u016f a ukl\u00e1d\u00e1ny trvale a ve\u0159ejn\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n To m\u00e1 n\u011bkolik d\u016fsledk\u016f: Pr\u00e1v\u011b tato kombinace vlastnost\u00ed je d\u016fvodem, pro\u010d si bitcoin postupn\u011b z\u00edskal d\u016fv\u011bru nejen technologick\u00fdch nad\u0161enc\u016f, ale i investor\u016f a velk\u00fdch instituc\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Je ale d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 dodat, \u017ee bezpe\u010dnost bitcoinu nen\u00ed absolutn\u00ed v tom smyslu, \u017ee by chr\u00e1nila ka\u017ed\u00e9ho u\u017eivatele za v\u0161ech okolnost\u00ed. Technologie m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt extr\u00e9mn\u011b robustn\u00ed, ale lidsk\u00fd faktor z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 slab\u00fdm \u010dl\u00e1nkem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ztr\u00e1ta soukrom\u00e9ho kl\u00ed\u010de znamen\u00e1 ztr\u00e1tu p\u0159\u00edstupu k prost\u0159edk\u016fm \u2013 bez mo\u017enosti obnovy. Stejn\u011b tak \u0161patn\u011b zabezpe\u010den\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dty nebo ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed kryptom\u011bn na burz\u00e1ch mohou v\u00e9st k jejich odcizen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Pr\u00e1v\u011b proto odborn\u00e9 zdroje doporu\u010duj\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edvat tzv. cold wallets, tedy offline \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b, kter\u00e1 minimalizuj\u00ed riziko hackersk\u00fdch \u00fatok\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Kryptografie a bitcoin dohromady p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u00ed posun v tom, jak lze uva\u017eovat o pen\u011bz\u00edch a d\u016fv\u011b\u0159e. Zat\u00edmco tradi\u010dn\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m stoj\u00ed na instituc\u00edch, bitcoin stoj\u00ed na matematice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n A pr\u00e1v\u011b v tom spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 jeho nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed s\u00edla. Nejde jen o digit\u00e1ln\u00ed m\u011bnu, ale o technologii, kter\u00e1 ukazuje, \u017ee bezpe\u010dnost m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt zalo\u017eena na transparentn\u00edch pravidlech, nikoli na autorit\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V dob\u011b, kdy se ve sv\u011bt\u011b pohybuj\u00ed v kryptom\u011bn\u00e1ch stovky miliard dolar\u016f, tak nejde o detail. Kryptografie je neviditeln\u00fd mechanismus, kter\u00fd dr\u017e\u00ed cel\u00fd tento ekosyst\u00e9m pohromad\u011b, a bez n\u011bj by bitcoin jednodu\u0161e nemohl existovat.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Bitcoin b\u00fdv\u00e1 \u010dasto spojov\u00e1n s volatilitou, spekulacemi nebo medi\u00e1ln\u00edmi titulky o prudk\u00fdch r\u016fstech a p\u00e1dech. M\u00e9n\u011b pozornosti se ale v\u011bnuje tomu, co stoj\u00ed v jeho samotn\u00e9m j\u00e1dru \u2013 technologii, kter\u00e1 zaji\u0161\u0165uje, \u017ee digit\u00e1ln\u00ed m\u011bna m\u016f\u017ee fungovat bez bank, prost\u0159edn\u00edk\u016f a z\u00e1rove\u0148 s vysokou \u00farovn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti. Pr\u00e1v\u011b kryptografie je t\u00edm prvkem, kter\u00fd dr\u017e\u00ed cel\u00fd syst\u00e9m pohromad\u011b […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":49,"featured_media":84304,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"yasr_overall_rating":0,"yasr_post_is_review":"","yasr_auto_insert_disabled":"","yasr_review_type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[242],"tags":[761,5442,695],"class_list":{"0":"post-84303","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-kryptomeny","8":"tag-bitcoin-cs","9":"tag-kryptografie","10":"tag-kryptomeny"},"aioseo_notices":[],"yasr_visitor_votes":{"stars_attributes":{"read_only":false,"span_bottom":false},"number_of_votes":0,"sum_votes":0},"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\tT\u011b\u017eba Bitcoinu ve vesm\u00edru: Starcloud chyst\u00e1 experiment<\/a>\u010ct\u011bte tak\u00e9: <\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed podpis m\u00edsto d\u016fv\u011bry<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Blockchain: \u00fa\u010detn\u00ed kniha, kterou nelze zm\u011bnit<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u010ct\u011bte tak\u00e9: Slovensk\u00e1 licencovan\u00e1 krypto slu\u017eba crypto4me vstupuje na evropsk\u00fd trh<\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Pro\u010d m\u016f\u017ee bitcoin fungovat bez banky<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Bitcoin nen\u00ed z\u00e1visl\u00fd na jedn\u00e9 instituci
Transakce nelze snadno fal\u0161ovat
Historie plateb je transparentn\u00ed a ov\u011b\u0159iteln\u00e1<\/p>\n\n\n\nBezpe\u010dnost nen\u00ed automatick\u00e1<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Technologie, kter\u00e1 nahrazuje d\u016fv\u011bru<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n